Thymoquinone protects end organs from abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model.

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have demonstrated that thymoquinone has protective effects against ischemia reperfusion injury to various organs like lungs, kidneys and liver in different experimental models. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether thymoquinone has favorable effects on lung, renal, heart tissues and oxidative stress in abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: Thirty rats were divided into three groups as sham (n=10), control (n=10) and thymoquinone (TQ) treatment group (n=10). Control and TQ-treatment groups underwent abdominal aorta ischemia for 45 minutes followed by a 120-min period of reperfusion. In the TQ-treatment group, thymoquinone was given 5 minutes. before reperfusion at a dose of 20 mg/kg via an intraperitoneal route. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood serum were measured and lung, kidney, and heart tissue histopathology were evaluated with light microscopy. RESULTS: Total oxidative status and oxidative stress index activity in blood samples were statistically higher in the control group compared to the sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for TOS and OSI). Control group injury scores were statistically higher compared to sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for all comparisons). CONCLUSION: Thymoquinone administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative stress and histopathologic injury in an acute abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion rat model.

Thymoquinone protects end organs from abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model / Timoquinona protege órgãos terminais da isquemia/reperfusão da aorta abdominal em modelo com ratos

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated that thymoquinone has protective effects against ischemia reperfusion injury to various organs like lungs, kidneys and liver in different experimental models. Objective: We aimed to determine whether thymoquinone has favorable effects on lung, renal, heart tissues and oxidative stress in abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into three groups as sham (n=10), control (n=10) and thymoquinone (TQ) treatment group (n=10). Control and TQ-treatment groups underwent abdominal aorta ischemia for 45 minutes followed by a 120-min period of reperfusion. In the TQ-treatment group, thymoquinone was given 5 minutes. before reperfusion at a dose of 20 mg/kg via an intraperitoneal route. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood serum were measured and lung, kidney, and heart tissue histopathology were evaluated with light microscopy. Results: Total oxidative status and oxidative stress index activity in blood samples were statistically higher in the control group compared to the sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for TOS and OSI). Control group injury scores were statistically higher compared to sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusion: Thymoquinone administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative stress and histopathologic injury in an acute abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion rat model. .

Introdução: Estudos prévios demonstraram que a timoquinona tem efeitos protetores contra a lesão de isquemia/reperfusão em vários órgãos como pulmão, rins e fígado em diferentes modelos experimentais. Objetivo: Determinar se timoquinona tem efeitos positivos em tecidos do pulmão, rim e coração e no estresse oxidativo em lesão de isquemia/perfusão da aorta abdominal. Métodos: Trinta ratos foram divididos em três grupos: sham (n=10), controle (n=10) e tratamento com timoquinona (TQ) (n=10). Os grupos controle e de tratamento com TQ foram submetidos à isquemia da aorta abdominal durante 45 minutos, seguido por um período de 120 minutos de reperfusão. No grupo de tratamento com TQ, a timoquinona foi administrada 5 minutos antes da reperfusão, dose de 20 mg/kg através da via intraperitoneal. A capacidade total antioxidante, estado oxidativo total (TOS) e o índice de estresse oxidativo (OSI) no soro do sangue foram medidos, e a histopatologia dos tecidos do pulmão, rim e coração foram avaliados com microscopia de luz. Resultados: Estado oxidativo e índice de estresse oxidativo total em amostras de sangue foram estatisticamente mais altos no grupo controle em relação aos grupos sham e tratamento com TQ (P<0,001 para TOS e OSI). Escores de lesões no grupo controle foram estatisticamente mais altos em relação aos grupos sham e tratamento com TQ (P<0,001 para todas as comparações). Conclusão: A timoquinona administrada por via intraperitoneal foi eficaz na redução do estresse oxidativo e lesão histopatológica em modelo de rato de isquemia/reperfusão aguda da aorta abdominal. .

Intraperitoneal curcumin decreased lung, renal and heart injury in abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion model in rat.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that curcumin (CUR) has protective effects against ischemia reperfusion injury to various organs. We aimed to determine whether CUR has favorable effects on tissues and oxidative stress in abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty rats were divided into three groups as sham, control and treatment (CUR) group. Control and CUR groups underwent abdominal aorta ischemia for 60 min followed by a 120 min period of reperfusion. In the CUR group, CUR was given 5 min before reperfusion at a dose of 200 mg/kg via an intraperitoneal route. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood serum were measured, and lung, renal and heart tissue histopathology were evaluated with light microscopy. RESULTS: TOS and OSI activity in blood samples were statistically decreased in sham and CUR groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001 for TOS and OSI). Renal, lung, heart injury scores of sham and CUR groups were statistically decreased compared to control group (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Histopathological examination revealed less severe lesions in CUR group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: CUR administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative stress and histopathologic injury in an acute abdominal aorta I/R rat model.

Acute cardiac tamponade due to spontaneous bleeding in a child with haemophilia A.

In severe haemophilia A, patients, start from the first years of life, with spontaneous bleeding and require transfusion. However, cardiac tamponade due to spontaneous pericardial bleeding is rare. An 11-year-old boy receiving haemophilia A treatment was referred to the Department of Paediatric Haematology with pneumonia, fever, dyspnoea, and palpitation. In his PA chest radiograph, pneumonic infiltration in the right lung and enlargement in the pericardial area were found. On his echocardiograph, pericardial effusion reaching 3.9 cm and other findings of tamponade were detected. APTT was outside the measurable range. It was deranged to > 120 seconds. The patient received 1000 U of factor VIII intravenously. A pericardial window was made via left anterior mini thoracotomy due to fluid drained. In his control echocardiograph taken after one month, no pathology was found. At 50th day, the patient showed left pleural serohaemorrhagic effusion, which was treated with tube thoracostomy. In haemophilia A patients, either pericardiocentesis or subxiphoid pericardial drainage or pericardial window creation via thoracotomy may be applied, depending on the primary pathology. In paediatric cases, pericardial window creation via mini thoracotomy can be an alternative treatment of choice considering complications such as recurring bleeding and effusion during pericardiocentesis.

Effects of posterior pericardiotomy on the incidence of pericardial effusion and atrial fibrillation after coronary revascularization.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective, randomized study was to assess the efficacy of posterior pericardiotomy in decreasing the prevalence of pericardial effusion and postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF). MATERIAL/METHODS: The study was performed in 100 patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) between October 2003 and July 2005. They were randomized to receive posterior pericardiotomy (Group A) or no posterior pericardiotomy (Group B). A 4-cm longitudinal incision was made parallel and posterior to the left phrenic nerve, extending from the left inferior pulmonary vein to the diaphragm in group A patients. Posterior pericardiotomy was not performed in group B patients. RESULTS: Early pericardial effusion developed in 6 patients (12%) of group A and 21 patients (42%) of group B; no late pericardial effusion developed in group A, but did in 3 patients (6%) of group B. The number of patients who developed postoperative AF was significantly lower in the fenestration group compared with the control group (10% vs. 30%, p < 0.010). The overall incidence of supraventricular tachycardia in patients with early pericardial effusion was significantly higher than in patients without early pericardial effusion (18 patients vs. 9 patients). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that posterior pericardiotomy reduces the prevalence of early pericardial effusion and related AF by improving pericardial drainage in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.